Toluene amine

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1. Chemical Structure and Properties

Molecular Formula: C₇H₉N
Structural Formula: CH₃C₆H₄NH₂ — Toluene amine is an aromatic amine with a methyl-substituted benzene ring attached to an amino group.

Physical Properties:

Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid or crystalline solid depending on isomer.
Boiling Point: 200–220°C (depends on isomer and purity).
Density: ~0.93 g/cm³ at 20°C.
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, miscible with most organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and benzene.

Chemical Properties:

2. Industrial Applications

Dye and Pigment Production: Used as a key intermediate in azo dyes and other colorants.
Rubber and Plastic Additives: Functions as a stabilizer and curing agent in certain polymers.
Pharmaceuticals: Intermediate for synthesizing drugs, such as analgesics and antipyretics.
Agrochemicals: Precursor in the manufacture of pesticides and herbicides.

3. Safety and Toxicology

Fire & Explosion: Combustible; avoid open flames and strong oxidizers.
Protective Measures: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and use adequate ventilation.

4. Environmental and Regulatory Considerations

Environmental Impact: Avoid release into waterways; may be toxic to aquatic organisms.
Regulatory Compliance:

5. Case Studies and Application Insights

Dye Manufacturing: Toluene amine is converted into various azo dyes with high color fastness.
Polymer Additives: Enhances stability and mechanical performance of certain synthetic rubbers.
Comparative Analysis: Compared to aliphatic amines, aromatic amines like Toluene amine are less basic but more reactive in electrophilic reactions, making them valuable for specialty chemical synthesis.